13^th World Biomarkers Congress

A cancer biomarker is an element or procedure that indicates the presence of cancer in the body. A biomarker may be any molecule released by presence a tumor or a specific indication of the body to the presence of cancer. Cancer biomarkers are usually biological molecules found in blood, other body fluids, or tissues that are a sign of a normal or abnormal process, or of a condition or disease.Cancer biomarkers can be classified into Nucleic acid based biomarkers, Pathological biomarkers, In silico biomarkers, Imaging biomarkers and Glycoprotein biomarkers based on their structure and functioning. All these topics are discussed in these cancer biomarker conferences.

Biomarkers which are used for clinical purposes are called clinical biomarkers. Clinical biomarkers along with provide a vibrant and influential methodology to understanding the range of many diseases with uses in judgemental and  analytic epidemiology, arbitrary clinical trials, screening for drugs or disease diagnosis and prognosis. Defined as changes in the constituents of cells or body fluids, these clinical biomarkers offer the means for standardized classification of a disease and risk factors, and the can extend the base information about the underlying pathogenesis of disease.The main researches in clinical biomarkers are done in the fields of drug discovery, oncology, pharmacogenomics  and disease diagnostics. 

Biomarkers play a significant role in cancer prognosis, diagnosis and treatment of cancers these days. There are many types of cancers which are hard to even diagnose. The latest designed biomarkers and their applications provide a great advantage in these cases. Cancer Epidemiology, treatment and latest research is greatly relayed on the biomarkers.
The major types of cancers in which biomarkers are widely being used are breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer and blood cancer. Cancer biomarkers conferences provide a good platform for elaborated discussion on various new researches.

Biomarkers plan an important role in various neurological and cardiovascular diseases. The diseases which are incurable from ages are being offered a possible treatment and easy diagnosis with the help of advancements in biomarkers through different diagnostics and imaging technologies. Cardiac biomarkers and neuro biomarkers has brought a great revolution in disease diagnosis and prognosis. Biomarkers are used in many other non-cancerous diseases. Some of the important ones are Alzheimer’s disease, Neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and Huntington's disease. 

Biomarker discovery requires highly assured identification of a biomarker with real-time quantitative information to indicate which proteins are altering to a statistically pertinent degree in response to disease. The discovery of  biomarkers has developed new strategies starting from the initial steps. In the first stage of biomarker discovery proceedings, investigation depends upon mass spectrometry techniques to make unbiased, semiquantitative analysis of changes between healthy and diseased states. The slope of probable biomarkers generated in the discovery stage is to be further substantiated due to the high false positive rate. It is done through supplemental more targeted and quantitative mass spectrometry techniques, such as immuno affinity peptide enrichment.

Under this track, the latest trends in discovery and development of biomarkers and biomarker identification are discussed. There are many new strategies being fashioned in development of biomarkers. In this section advancements of biomarkers in various sectors like clinical biomarkers, paediatric diseases biomarkers, and clinical analysis of NGS samples are covered.

Biomarker testing is a group of tests that looks for the molecular signs of health so that doctors can plan the best care. Biomarker testing can also be called as genetic testing or biomarkers testing.  Biomarkers, a foundation of precision oncology, are very important in management of breast cancer, gastro-esophageal cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. Testing practices are intensely deliberated, influencing diagnostic quality and affecting pathologists, oncologists and patients.

The advances in biomarker testing are mainly in the fields of genetic testing, cancers and other diseases in their diagnosis, treatment and imaging. In silico biomarkers, microRNA biomarkers and several other clinical biomarkers evolved in the recent researches have opened up the path for biomarker testing broader.

Digital Biomarkers are changing the face of Clinical trials. Digital Biomarkers will at a minimum,face the same regulatory challenges as traditional Biomarkers.There is a great potential to apply Digital Biomarkers to medical domains that are not very well understood such as pyschiatry and neurology. They can be used to explain ,influence and or predict health related outcomes.

Exosomes are  released from the cell when multi vesicular bodies fuse with the plasma membrane . Exosomes have specialized functions and play a key role in processes such as coagulation, intercellular signalling, and waste management. They are being recognized as potential therapeutics as they have the ability to elicit potent cellular responses in vitro and in vivo. Compared with biomarkers identified in conventional specimens such as serum or urine, exosomal biomarkers provide the highest amount of sensitivity and specificity, which can be attributed to their excellent stability. The molecular constituents of exosomes, especially exosomal proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs), are promising as biomarkers in clinical diagnosis.

A reliable Therapeutic biomarker would facilitate the individualization of current management algorithms, ensure that pathogenic mechanisms were disrupted or eliminated prior to treatment withdrawal, and reduce the frequency of relapse or unnecessary protracted therapy.Hence there are various researches in progress to discover new Biomarkers for various disease starting from autoimmune disorders to cardiovascular and Genetic disorders.